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In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer are increasing year by year. With the deepening of molecular biology research and the discovery of driver genes, the treatment of colorectal cancer has gradually developed to the direction of individuation and precision. As the second member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is involved in the regulation of cell growth, reproduction and division and the control of tumor growth. This article reviews the correlation between expression of HER2 and colorectal cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy(US-CNB) in diagnosing malignant and benign thyroid nodule by meta-analysis.Methods A computer-based online retrieval on the accurate tests of US-CNB for diagnosing thyroid nodule was conducted in PubMed,Cochrane Library (Issue 5,2016),EMbase,CBM,CNKI,VIP,Wangfang Data databases.The retrieval time limit was from the database establishment to June 8,2016.The quality of included articles was assessed by using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS).The puncture success rate,diagnosis sensitivity (Sen),specificity (Spe),positive likelihood ratio (+LR),negative likelihood ratio (-LR),diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were served as the outcome indicators.The included data were performed the statistical analysis by using STATA12.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4 softwares.Results A total of 29 diagnostic accuracy trials were finally included,involving 4 213 patients with 4 391 thyroid nodules.The meta-analysis results suggested that the US-CNB puncture success rate was 98.7 ％ [95％ CI (98.3 ％,99.0 ％)];Sen of US-CNB for diagnosing thyroid nodule was 0.94 [95％CI(0.93,0.95)],Spe=0.98[95 ％CI(0.98,0.99)],+LR=33.96[95％CI(20.31,56.78)],-LR=0.06[95％CI(0.04,0.10)],DOR=581.44[95 ％CI(335.08,1 007.87)],and the AUC of SROC was 0.99.Conclusion The current evidences indicate that UG-CNB has high diagnostic accuracy in benign and malignant thyroid nodules,and is worth promotion and application in clinic.
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Multidisciplinary treatment of rectal cancer and precise surgical strategy and total mesorectal excision(TME) are the basis for effective treatment of rectal cancer.At present,the best scheme of neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer has not been established.The neoadjuvant chemotherapy,neoadjuvant short and long range radiotherapy,radiotherapy adverse reaction,the timing of surgery for rectal cancer are summarized as follows.
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OBJECTIVE To explore the therapeutic effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) coacervates on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in diabetic rats.METHODS Poly (ethylene argininylaspartate diglyceride) (PEAD), heparin and bFGF were dissolved in saline at the mass ratio of 50:10:1 to obtain bFGF coacervates. The loading efficiency of bFGF in the coacervates was analyzed by Western blotting. The release profile of bFGF from the coacevates was detected by ELISA. Male SD rats were ip injected with streptozotocin 65 mg · kg- 1 to establish a diabetic model,and DPN occurred 8 weeks later. The DPN rats were randomly divided into free-coacervate group, bFGF group and bFGFcoacervate group. For bFGF group, bFGF 200 μg·kg-1 was im injected once daily for 3 d. In bFGF-coacervate group, bFGF coacervate solution (244 μL) equal to bFGF 200 μg · k - 1, was im given only once. DPN rats in free- coacervate group were im given the same volume of vehicle(PEAD + heparin) only once. Ten normal age peer rats were taken as normal control group.Footprint analysis was conducted each week to evaluate motor function. On the 30th day after treatment,the rats were sacrificed, and sciatic nerves of both sides were harvested for pathological observation through HE staining. Apoptosis in nerve tissue was detected by DAPI staining, and Ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein levels were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Western blotting and ELISA analysis indicated that bFGF-coacervates were well prepared at a mass ratio of 50:10:1,and controlled bFGF release for at least 35 d. The result of rat behavior evaluation and pathological index test indicated that, compared with normal control group, the sciatic function index (SFI) in free-coacervate group decreased significantly(P<0.01), the internal nerve fibers were accompanied by irregularity and serious demyelination, and there was a large number of apoptotic nuclei and low expressions of Ki67 and PCNA proteins (P<0.01).After injection with bFGF or bFGF-coacervates, the SFI increased progressively (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the proportion of fibers with myelin abnormalities and apoptotic cells was significantly reversed. Moreover, the levels of Ki67 and PCNA was evidently enhanced on the 30th day post- operation (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with bFGF group, the results of those detection indicators in bFGF-coacervate group were better (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION PEAD and heparin complex can load bFGF with high efficiency, and control its release in a steady manner. For DPN rats,treatment with bFGF-coacervates is more effective than bFGF alone.
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Many long non -coding RNA ( lncRNA ) has been found in recent years .The abnormal ln-cRNA expression is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor .LncRNA can be divided into the tumor promoting and tumor inhibiting according to the function .lncRNA generally overexpresses in solid tumor tis-sue,acts as an important factor involved in tumor invasion ,proliferation and metastasis ,and has been associated with prognosis of neoplasm .This paper describes the current situation of lncRNA research .We mainly introduce several functions of lncRNA which thoroughly researched at present (such as HOTAIR,H19,MALAT-1,Lin-cRNA-p21,GAS5,etc) and their expression in colorectal tumor tissue ,indicating that regulating the expression level of lncRNA may provide a new basis for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer .
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Objetcvi e Inhibitor of growth TNG3 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene ,which belongs to the human ING gene family .It has been interested by scientist because of its putative roles as tumor suppressors . There is a low expression level of ING3 in a variety of tumors.However,the relationship of ING3 and the develop-ment of colorectal cancer is unclear yet .The aim of this studyis to examine the expression of ING 3 in colorectal cancer by qRT-PCR.Methods Statistical analysis was performed with the expression of ING 3 mRNA which has been evaluated in 82 matched samples comprising primary colorectal cancer and paired non -cancerous mu-cosa samples.Results In 51%colorectal cancer patients ,the expression level of ING3 was significantly lower in cancer tissue than that in normal tissue .The expression level of ING3 was closely related to pT、pM stage , and TNM stage(P<0.05).The Univariate analysis showed that the pT、pN、pM stage,TNMstage and ING3 expression levels were associated with disease -free survival(P<0.05).CRC patients with low -expression level of ING3 showed shorter disease -free survivals(P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of ING3 might contribute to the CRC development or progression .